What is the Difference Between Celiac Disease, a Gluten Allergy, And Gluten Intolerance?

Celiac disease, gluten allergy, and gluten intolerance are all related to the body’s inability to process gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. However, they are distinct conditions with different causes and symptoms.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks the small intestine when gluten is consumed. This can lead to damage to the lining of the intestine, which can cause malabsorption of nutrients and other health problems. Symptoms of celiac disease can include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, and weight loss.

A gluten allergy, also known as wheat allergy, is an immune response to the proteins found in wheat. Symptoms can include hives, itching, swelling, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis. Unlike celiac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder, a gluten allergy is an immune system response similar to other food allergies.

Gluten intolerance, also known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, is a condition in which individuals experience symptoms similar to those of celiac disease, such as bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, after consuming gluten-containing foods. However, unlike celiac disease, gluten intolerance does not cause damage to the lining of the intestine. The exact cause of gluten intolerance is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to a sensitivity to the proteins found in gluten.

If you suspect you have celiac disease, gluten allergy, or gluten intolerance, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.